Primary sector
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In economics, the primary sector is the economic sector which comprises industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials, such as farming, logging, fishing, forestry and mining.[1][2][3] The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in developing countries than it does in developed countries. For example, in 2018, agriculture, forestry, and fishing comprised more than 15% of GDP in sub-Saharan Africa[4] but less than 1% of GDP in North America.[5]
In developed countries the primary sector has become more technologically advanced, enabling for example the mechanization of farming, as compared with lower-tech methods[a] in poorer countries.[6] More developed economies may invest additional capital in primary means of production: for example, in the United States Corn Belt, combine harvesters pick the corn, and sprayers spray large amounts of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, producing a higher yield than is possible using less capital-intensive techniques. These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to employ a smaller workforce, so developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the secondary and tertiary sectors.[7]
List of countries by agricultural output
[edit source]| Economy | Countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018 (billions in USD) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(01)  China |
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(02)  India |
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(03)  Indonesia |
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(—)  European Union |
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(04)  Pakistan |
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(05)  Nigeria |
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(06)  Brazil |
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(07)  Russia |
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(08)  United States |
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(09)  Iran |
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(10)  Turkey |
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(11)  Egypt |
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(12)  Thailand |
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(13)  Vietnam |
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(14)  Bangladesh |
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(15)  Argentina |
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(16)  Mexico |
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(17)  Philippines |
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(18)  Myanmar |
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(19)  Algeria |
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(20)  Malaysia |
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The twenty largest countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018, according to the IMF and CIA World Factbook. | |||||||||
See also
[edit source]
Notes
[edit source]- ↑ Often using non-powered equipment, sometimes even hand-picking and hand-planting
References
[edit source]- ↑ Chand, S. N. (2006). Dictionary of economics. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 268. ISBN 81-269-0535-2. OCLC 297507928.
- ↑ "primary producer". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. OCLC 1120411289. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
- ↑ Kjeldsen-Kragh, Søren (2007). The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development: The Lessons of History. Copenhagen Business School Press DK. p. 73. ISBN 978-87-630-0194-6.
- ↑ "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | Sub-Saharan Africa". World Bank Open Data. 2018. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ↑ "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | North America". World Bank Open Data. 2018. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ↑ "Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) - Data". data.worldbank.org.
- ↑ H Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (March 1973)
Further reading
[edit source]- Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (Mar., 1973)
- Cameron: General Economic and Social History
- Historia Económica y Social General, by Maria Inés Barbero, Rubén L. Berenblum, Fernando R. García Molina, Jorge Saborido
External links
[edit source]
Media related to Primary sector at Wikimedia Commons- Economy101.net: The Nature of Wealth
