2011 Nepal census

2011 Nepal census
2011
General information
Country	Nepal
Authority	Central Bureau of Statistics
Website	www.cbs.gov.np
Results
Total population	26,494,504 ( 14.44%)
Most populous Development Region	Central (9,656,985)
Least populous Development Region	Far-Western (2,552,517)

2011 Nepal census was the 11th national census of Nepal. It was conducted by Central Bureau of Statistics. It marked the 100 years of census taking in Nepal.

Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.

Key findings

The key findings of 2011 census are as follows:

Total population	26,494,504
Intercensal change	3,343,081
Intercensal change percentage	14.44%
Annual growth rate	1.35%
Population density (per km2)	180
Total households	5,427,302
Male population	12,849,041
Female population	13,645,463
Gender ratio	94.2
Literacy rate	65.9%

Population distribution

Population by ecological region (2011)

Ecological region	Population	Percentage (%)	Sex ratio	Annual growth rate (%)	Density (per km2)
Mountain	1,781,792	6.7	93.84	0.54	34
Hill	11,394,007	43.0	91.37	1.06	186
Terai	13,318,705	50.3	96.66	1.72	392
Nepal	26,494,504	100	94.16	1.35	180

Population by development region (2011)

Development region	Population	Percentage (%)	Sex ratio	Annual growth rate (%)	Density (per km2)
Eastern	5,811,555	21.93	92.37	0.84	204
Central	9,656,985	36.45	100.55	1.84	352
Western	4,926,765	18.60	87.03	0.75	168
Mid-Western	3,546,682	13.39	92.73	1.63	84
Far-Western	2,552,517	9.63	91.25	1.53	131
Nepal	26,494,504	100	94.16	1.35	180

In 2015, Nepal adopted federalism and existing development regions and zones were abolished. The existing districts were regrouped into seven provinces. The population of those provinces are as follows:

Population by province (2011)

Province	Population	Percentage (%)	Sex ratio	Density (per km2)
Koshi	4,534,943	17.12	91	175
Madhesh	5,404,145	20.40	101	559
Bagmati	5,529,452	20.87	99	272
Gandaki	2,403,757	9.07	83	112
Lumbini	4,499,272	16.98	91	202
Karnali	1,570,418	5.93	96	56
Sudurpashchim	2,552,517	9.63	91	131
Nepal	26,494,504	100	94	180

Population by district

Population by district (2011)

S.N	Development region (until 2015)	Province (since 2015)	District	Population	Sex ratio	Annual growth rate (%)	Density (per km2)
1	Eastern	Koshi	Taplejung	127,461	90.50	-0.55	35
2			Sankhuwasabha	158,742	90.07	-0.03	46
3			Solukhumbu	105,886	93.63	-0.17	32
4			Panchthar	191,817	88.74	-0.52	155
5			Ilam	290,254	94.63	0.26	170
6			Dhankuta	163,412	88.05	-0.19	183
7			Tehrathum	101,577	86.63	-1.08	150
8			Bhojpur	182,459	89.26	-1.07	121
9			Okhaldhunga	147,984	86.62	-0.57	138
10			Khotang	206,312	88.90	-1.15	130
11			Udayapur	317,532	89.21	0.99	154
12			Jhapa	812,650	90.07	1.66	506
13			Morang	965,370	93.57	1.35	520
14			Sunsari	763,487	94.64	1.99	607
15		Madhesh	Saptari	639,284	96.44	1.14	469
16			Siraha	637,328	94.77	1.07	536
17	Central	Bagmati	Dolakha	186,557	85.47	-0.91	85
18			Sindhupalchok	287,798	92.58	-0.61	113
19			Rasuwa	43,300	98.40	-0.33	28
20			Kavrepalanchok	381,937	91.93	-0.61	274
21			Lalitpur	468,132	103.49	3.26	1,216
22			Bhaktapur	304,651	103.42	3.01	2,560
23			Kathmandu	1,744,240	109.84	4.78	4,416
24			Nuwakot	277,471	91.78	-0.39	248
25			Sindhuli	296,192	92.25	0.57	119
26			Ramechhap	202,646	87.39	-0.47	131
27			Dhading	336,067	88.55	-0.08	174
28			Makwanpur	420,477	96.67	0.69	173
29			Chitawan	579,984	92.75	2.06	261
30		Madhesh	Dhanusha	754,777	100.61	1.17	640
31			Mahottari	627,580	98.25	1.26	626
32			Sarlahi	769,729	102.57	1.91	611
33			Rautahat	686,722	104.60	2.31	610
34			Bara	687,708	104.39	2.07	578
35			Parsa	601,017	108.21	1.90	444
36	Western	Gandaki	Manang	6,538	127.25	-3.83	3
37			Mustang	13,452	111.54	1.08	4
38			Gorkha	271,061	80.68	-0.61	75
39			Lamjung	167,724	82.68	-0.55	99
40			Tanahun	323,288	79.73	0.25	209
41			Syangja	289,148	77.05	-0.93	248
42			Kaski	492,098	92.44	2.57	244
43			Myagdi	113,641	82.57	-0.07	49
44			Parbat	146,590	80.33	-0.74	297
45			Baglung	268,613	78.34	-0.01	151
46		Lumbini	Gulmi	280,160	76.02	-0.57	244
47			Palpa	261,180	79.70	-0.28	190
48			Arghakhanchi	197,632	77.46	-0.53	166
49			Rupandehi	880,196	96.47	2.17	646
50			Kapilvastu	571,936	99.74	1.17	329
51		N/A	Nawalparasi	643,508	89.36	1.34	298
52	Mid Western	Karnali	Dolpa	36,700	98.79	2.17	5
53			Jumla	108,921	101.62	1.97	43
54			Kalikot	136,948	101.05	2.60	79
55			Mugu	55,286	102.80	2.30	16
56			Humla	50,858	103.23	2.25	9
57			Salyan	242,444	91.69	1.27	166
58			Surkhet	350,804	93.41	1.95	143
59			Dailekh	261,770	94.22	1.50	174
60			Jajarkot	171,304	99.73	2.39	77
61		N/A	Rukum	208,567	90.63	1.01	72
62		Lumbini	Pyuthan	228,102	78.14	0.71	174
63			Rolpa	224,506	84.92	0.67	119
64			Dang	552,583	89.55	1.78	187
65			Banke	491,313	98.87	2.42	210
66			Bardiya	426,576	92.59	1.09	211
67	Far Western	Sudurpashchim	Bajura	134,912	95.22	2.15	62
68			Bajhang	195,159	90.65	1.56	57
69			Darchula	133,274	91.30	0.88	57
70			Achham	257,477	87.30	1.07	153
71			Doti	211,746	84.94	0.22	105
72			Dadeldhura	142,094	88.11	1.19	92
73			Baitadi	250,898	87.95	0.68	165
74			Kailali	775,709	95.25	2.29	240
75			Kanchanpur	451,248	91.85	1.77	280
Nepal				26,494,504	94.16	1.35	180

In 2015, when the federal structure was adopted, the districts of Nawalparasi and Rukum were each divided into two parts, resulting in four new districts. The population of those four districts are as follows:

Former district (until 2015)	New district (since 2015)	Province	Population	Sex ratio
Nawalparasi	Nawalparasi (East)/Nawalpur	Gandaki	311,604	84.57
	Nawalparasi (West)/Parasi	Lumbini	331,904	94.09
Rukum	Eastern Rukum		53,184	88.57
	Western Rukum	Karnali	155,383	91.35

Population by caste/ethnicity

The population wise ranking of 124 Nepalese castes/ethnic groups as per 2011 Nepal census.

S.N	Caste/Ethnicity	Population (2011)	Percentage (%)
1	Chhetri	4,398,053	16.60
2	Brahmin-Hill (Bahun)	3,226,903	12.18
3	Magar	1,887,733	7.12
4	Tharu	1,737,470	6.56
5	Tamang	1,539,830	5.81
6	Newar	1,321,933	4.99
7	Kami	1,258,554	4.75
8	Nepali Muslim	1,164,255	4.39
9	Yadav	1,054,458	3.98
10	Rai	620,004	2.34
11	Gurung	522,641	1.97
12	Damai/Dholi	472,862	1.78
13	Thakuri	425,623	1.61
14	Limbu	387,300	1.46
15	Sarki	374,816	1.41
16	Teli	369,688	1.40
17	Chamar/Harijan/Ram	335,893	1.27
18	Kushwaha	306,393	1.16
19	Musahar	234,490	0.89
20	Kurmi	231,129	0.87
21	Sanyasi/Dasnami	227,822	0.86
22	Dhanuk	219,808	0.83
23	Kanu/Haluwai	209,053	0.79
24	Dusadh/Pasawan/Pasi	208,910	0.79
25	Mallaha	173,261	0.65
26	Kewat	153,772	0.58
27	Kathbaniya	138,637	0.52
28	Brahmin-Terai	134,106	0.51
29	Kalwar	128,232	0.48
30	Kumal	121,196	0.45
31	Bhujel	118,650	0.44
32	Hajam/Thakur	117,758	0.43
33	Rajbanshi	115,242	0.43
34	Sherpa	112,946	0.41
35	Dhobi	109,079	0.40
36	Tatma/Tatwa	104,865	0.38
37	Lohar	101,421	0.38
38	Khatwe	100,921	0.35
39	Sudhi	93,115	0.32
40	Danuwar	84,115	0.32
41	Majhi	83,727	0.30
42	Barai	80,597	0.28
43	Bin	75,195	0.27
44	Nuniya	70,540	0.26
45	Chepang	68,399	0.24
46	Sonar	64,335	0.24
47	Kumhar	62,399	0.21
48	Sunuwar	55,712	0.21
49	Bantar/Sardar	55,104	0.21
50	Kahar	53,159	0.20
51	Santhal	51,735	0.20
52	Marwadi	51,443	0.19
53	Kayastha	44,304	0.17
54	Rajput/Terai Kshetriya	41,972	0.16
55	Badi	38,603	0.15
56	Jhangar/Uraon	37,424	0.14
57	Gangai	36,988	0.12
58	Lodh	32,837	0.11
59	Badhaee	28,932	0.11
60	Thami	28,671	0.11
61	Kulung	28,613	0.1
62	Bengali	26,582	0.1
63	Gaderi/Bhediyar/Gangajali	26,375	0.1
64	Dhimal	26,298	0.09
65	Yakkha	24,336	0.09
66	Ghale	22,881	0.07
67	Tajpuriya	19,213	0.07
68	Khawas	18,513	0.06
69	Darai	16,789	0.06
70	Mali	14,995	0.06
71	Dhuniya	14,846	0.05
72	Pahari	13,615	0.05
73	Rajdhob	13,422	0.05
74	Bhote	13,397	0.05
75	Dom	13,268	0.05
76	Thakali	13,215	0.05
77	Kori	12,276	0.04
78	Chhantyal	11,810	0.04
79	Hyolmo	10,752	0.04
80	Bote	10,397	0.04
81	Rajbhar	9,542	0.03
82	Brahmu/Baramo	8,140	0.03
83	Punjabi	7,176	0.03
84	Nachhring	7,154	0.03
85	Yamphu	6,933	0.03
86	Gaine	6,791	0.03
87	Chamling	6,668	0.02
88	Athpahariya	5,977	0.02
89	Jirel	5,774	0.02
90	Dura	5,394	0.02
91	Sarabaria	4,906	0.02
92	Meche	4,867	0.02
93	Bantawa	4,604	0.02
94	Raji	4,235	0.02
95	Dolpo	4,107	0.02
96	Halkhor	4,003	0.01
97	Byansi/Sauka	3,895	0.01
98	Amat	3,830	0.01
99	Thulung	3,535	0.01
100	Lepcha	3,445	0.01
101	Patharkatt /Kushwadiya	3,182	0.01
102	Mewahang	3,100	0.01
103	Bahing	3,096	0.01
104	Natuwa	3,062	0.01
105	Hayu	2,925	0.01
106	Dhankar/Dharikar	2,681	0.01
107	Lhopa	2,624	0.01
108	Munda	2,350	0.01
109	Dev	2,147	0.01
110	Dhandi	1,982	0.01
111	Kamar	1,787	0.01
112	Kisan	1,739	0.01
113	Sampang	1,681	0.01
114	Koche	1,635	0.01
115	Lhomi	1,614	0.01
116	Khaling	1,571	0.01
117	Topkegola	1,523	0.01
118	Chidimar	1,254	0.00
119	Walung	1,249	0.00
120	Lohorung	1,153	0.00
121	Kalar	1,077	0.00
122	Raute	618	0.00
123	Nurang	278	0.00
124	Kusunda	273	0.00
Dalit Others		155,354	0.59
Janajati Others		1,228	0.00
Terai Others		103,811	0.39
Undefined Others		15,277	0.06
Foreigners		6,651	0.03
Total		26,494,504	100

Population by language

Languages by number of native speakers (2011)

S.N	Language	Number of speakers	Percentage
1	Nepali	11,826,953	44.64%
2	Maithili	3,092,530	11.67%
3	Bhojpuri	1,584,958	5.98%
4	Tharu	1,529,875	5.77%
5	Tamang	1,353,311	5.11%
6	Nepal Bhasa (Newar)	846,557	3.20%
7	Bajjika	793,416	2.99%
8	Magar	788,530	2.98%
9	Dotyali/Doteli	787,827	2.97%
10	Urdu	691,546	2.61%
11	Awadhi	501,752	1.89%
12	Limbu	343,603	1.30%
13	Gurung	325,622	1.23%
14	Baitadeli	272,524	1.03%
15	Rai (Kiranti)	159,114	0.60%
16	Aachami	142,787	0.54%
17	Bantawa (Rai)	132,583	0.50%
18	Rajbanshi	122,214	0.46%
19	Sherpa	114,830	0.43%
20	Hindi	77,569	0.29%
21	Chamling (Rai)	76,800	0.29%
22	Bajhangi	67,581	0.26%
23	Santhali	49,858	0.19%
24	Chepang	48,476	0.18%
25	Danuwar	45,821	0.17%
26	Sunuwar	37,898	0.14%
27	Magahi	35,614	0.13%
28	Uranw/Kurux	33,651	0.13%
29	Kulung (Rai)	33,170	0.13%
30	Kham (Magar)	27,113	0.10%
31	Rajasthani	25,394	0.10%
32	Majhi	24,422	0.09%
33	Thami	23,151	0.09%
34	Bhujel	21,715	0.08%
35	Bengali	21,061	0.08%
36	Thulung (Rai)	20,659	0.08%
37	Yakkha	19,558	0.07%
38	Dhimal	19,300	0.07%
39	Tajpuriya	18,811	0.07%
40	Angika	18,555	0.07%
41	Sampang (Rai)	18,270	0.07%
42	Khaling (Rai)	14,467	0.05%
43	Wambule (Rai)	13,470	0.05%
44	Kumal	12,222	0.05%
45	Darai	11,677	0.04%
46	Bahing (Rai)	11,658	0.04%
47	Bajureli	10,704	0.04%
48	Hyolmo	10,176	0.04%
49	Nachiring (Rai)	10,041	0.04%
50	Yamphu (Rai)	9,208	0.03%
51	Bote	8,766	0.03%
52	Ghale	8,092	0.03%
53	Dumi (Rai)	7,638	0.03%
54	Lepcha	7,499	0.03%
55	Puma (Rai)	6,686	0.03%
56	Dungmali (Rai)	6,260	0.02%
57	Darchuleli	5,928	0.02%
58	Aathpariya (Rai)	5,530	0.02%
59	Thakali	5,242	0.02%
60	Jirel	4,829	0.02%
61	Mewahang (Rai)	4,650	0.02%
62	Sign Language	4,476	0.02%
63	Tibetan	4,445	0.02%
64	Meche	4,375	0.02%
65	Chhantyal	4,283	0.02%
66	Raji	3,758	0.01%
67	Lohorung (Rai)	3,716	0.01%
68	Chhintang (Rai)	3,712	0.01%
69	Gangai	3,612	0.01%
70	Pahari	3,458	0.01%
71	Dailekhi	3,102	0.01%
72	Lhopa	3,029	0.01%
73	Dura	2,156	0.01%
74	Koch	2,080	0.01%
75	Chiling (Rai)	2,046	0.01%
76	English	2,045	0.01%
77	Jerung (Rai)	1,763	0.01%
78	Khas	1,747	0.01%
79	Sanskrit	1,669	0.01%
80	Dolpali	1,667	0.01%
81	Hayu	1,520	0.01%
82	Tilung (Rai)	1,424	0.01%
83	Koi (Rai)	1,271	0.00%
84	Kisan	1,178	0.00%
85	Waling (Rai)	1,169	0.00%
86	Musalman	1,075	0.00%
87	Hariyani/Haryanvi	889	0.00%
88	Jumli	851	0.00%
89	Lhomi	808	0.00%
90	Punjabi	808	0.00%
91	Belhare (Rai)	599	0.00%
92	Odia	584	0.00%
93	Sonaha	579	0.00%
94	Sindhi	518	0.00%
95	Dadeldhuri	488	0.00%
96	Byangshi	480	0.00%
97	Assamese	476	0.00%
98	Raute	461	0.00%
99	Saam (Rai)	401	0.00%
100	Manange	392	0.00%
101	Dhuleli	347	0.00%
102	Phangduali (Rai)	290	0.00%
103	Surel	287	0.00%
104	Malpande	247	0.00%
105	Chinese	242	0.00%
106	Khariya	238	0.00%
107	Kurmali	227	0.00%
108	Baram	155	0.00%
109	Lingkhim (Rai)	129	0.00%
110	Sadhani	122	0.00%
111	Kagate	99	0.00%
112	Dzongkha	80	0.00%
113	Bankariya	69	0.00%
114	Kaike	50	0.00%
115	Garhwali (Gadhawali)	38	0.00%
116	French	34	0.00%
117	Mizo	32	0.00%
118	Kuki	29	0.00%
119	Kusunda	28	0.00%
120	Russian	17	0.00%
121	Spanish	16	0.00%
122	Nagamese	10	0.00%
123	Arabic	8	0.00%
Not reported		47,718	0.18%
Others		21,173	0.08%
Total		26,494,504	100%

Languages by number of second-language speakers (2011)

Language	Number of speakers	Percentage
Nepali	8,682,499	32.77%
Maithili	1,225,950	4.62%
Hindi	195, 287	0.73%
Bhojpuri	159,518	0.60%
Tharu	84,748	0.32%
English	81,447	0.30%
Bajjika	60,863	0.23%
Urdu	45,766	0.17%
Awadhi	45,428	0.17%
Magar	42,952	0.16%
Tamang	33,450	0.12%
Nepal Bhasa (Newar)	32,594	0.12%
Sanskrit	2,975	0.01%
Others	190,327	0.72%
Total	10,883,804	41.04%

See also

• List of village development committees of Nepal (Former)
• 1991 Nepal census
• 2001 Nepal census
• 2021 Nepal census

External links

• Central Bureau of Statistics
• National Population and Housing Census 2011