45
Rh
102.906
Rhodium
Transition Metal
Group 9
Period 5
Block d
Rhodium is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol Rh and atomic number 45 with an atomic weight of 102.906 u and is classed as transition metal and is part of group 9 (cobalt group). Rhodium is solid at room temperature.
Rhodium in the periodic table
| Symbol | Rh |
| Atomic number | 45 |
| Group | 9 (Cobalt group) |
| Period | 5 |
| Block | d |
| Classification | Transition Metal |
| Appearance | Silvery white metallic |
| Color | Silver |
| Number of protons | 45 p+ |
| Number of neutrons | 58 n0 |
| Number of electrons | 45 e- |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaRhodium is a chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45. It is a rare, silvery-white, hard, and chemically inert transition metal. It is a member of the platinum group.
Physical properties
| Phase at STP | Solid |
| Density | 12.41 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 102.906 u |
Thermal properties
| Melting point | 2237 K 1963.85 °C 3566.93 °F |
| Boiling point | 3968 K 3694.85 °C 6682.73 °F |
| Heat of vaporization | 495.39 kJ/mol |
Atomic properties
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 2.28 |
| Electron affinity | 110.27 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | −3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (an amphoteric oxide) |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration for rhodium
Electron configuration Shorthand configuration | [Kr] 4d8 5s1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d8 5s1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration chart |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outer shell electrons | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valence electrons (incl. d) | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valency electrons | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bohr model | Figure: Shell diagram of Rhodium (Rh) atom. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbital Diagram |
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The history of Rhodium
| Discovery and first isolation | William Hyde Wollaston (1804) |
Discovery of rhodium Rhodium is found in platinum or nickel ores with the other members of the platinum group metals. Rhodium (Greek rhodon (ῥόδον) meaning "rose") was discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston, soon after he discovered palladium. Rodium is named for the rose color of one of its chlorine compounds. | |
| Original word | rhodon |
| Language of origin | Greek |
| Name source | Properties |
| Meaning | “Rose-coloured” |
Naming The name is derived from the Greek word 'rhodon', meaning rose coloured, named for the rose-red color of dilute solutions of its salts. | |
