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ජර්මානු අධිරාජ්‍යය

සබැඳි සංස්කරණය කරන්න
විකිපීඩියා වෙතින්

German Empire
Deutsches Reich  (ජර්මන්)
1871–1918
Coat of arms(1889–1918) of German Reich
Coat of arms
(1889–1918)[2]
උද්යෝග පාඨය: Gott mit uns (German)[3]
Nobiscum Deus (Latin)
("God with us")
ජාතික ගීය: Heil dir im Siegerkranz[4]
("Hail to Thee in the Victor's Crown")
Die Wacht am Rhein (unofficial)[5][6][7]
("The Watch on the Rhine")
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German colonial
The German colonial empire in 1914
අගනුවර
සහ විශාලතම නගරය
Berlin
52°31′7″N 13°22′34″E / 52.51861°N 13.37611°E / 52.51861; 13.37611
නිල භාෂා(ව)German
පොදු භාෂා(ව)
List
ආගම
(1880)
Majority:
62.63% Protestant

Minorities:
35.89% Roman Catholic
1.24% Judaism
0.17% other Christian
0.07% other
ජාති නාම(ය)German
රජයFederal parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy[8][9][10][11]
Emperor 
• 1871–1888
Wilhelm I
• 1888
Friedrich III
• 1888–1918
Wilhelm II
Chancellor 
• 1871–1890
Otto von Bismarck
• 1890–1894
Leo von Caprivi
• 1894–1900
C. zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
• 1900–1909
Bernhard von Bülow
• 1909–1917
T. von Bethmann Hollweg
• 1917
Georg Michaelis
• 1917–1918
Georg von Hertling
• 1918
Max von Baden
ව්‍යවස්ථාදායකයBicameral
• Upper house
Bundesrat
• Lower house
Reichstag
ඉතිහාසය 
18 January 1871
16 April 1871
15 November 1884
28 July 1914
3 November 1918
9 November 1918
• Armistice
11 November 1918
11 August 1919
වර්ග ප්‍රමාණය
• සම්පූර්ණ
1,750,000 km2 (680,000 sq mi)
1910[14]540,857.54 km2 (208,826.26 sq mi)
ජනගහණය
• ඇස්තමේන්තුව
70,000,000
• 1871[15]
41,058,792
• 1900[15]
56,367,178
• 1910[15]
64,925,993
ව්‍යවහාර මුදල
Until 1873:
Vereinsthaler, South German gulden, Bremen thaler, Hamburg mark, French franc
German gold mark
(1873–1914)
German Papiermark
(1914–1918)
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Image North German Confederation
Image Bavaria
Image Württemberg
Image Baden
Image Hesse
Weimar Republic Image
Memel Territory Image
Territory of the Saar Basin Image
Danzig Image
Second Polish Republic Image
Area and population not including colonial possessions
Founders of the German Empire
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Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (pictured in 1873)
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Emperor Wilhelm I (pictured ආ. 1870)
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Die Proklamation des Deutschen Kaiserreiches by Anton von Werner (1877), depicting the proclamation of Emperor William I (18 January 1871, Palace of Versailles). From left, on the podium (in black): Crown Prince Frederick (later Frederick III), his father the emperor, and Frederick I of Baden, proposing a toast to the new emperor. At centre (in white): Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany, Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian Chief of Staff.
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Berlin Palace, the main residence of the House of Hohenzollern
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A postage stamp from the Caroline Islands
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The German colonial empire and its protectorates in 1914
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The Krupp works in Essen, 1890


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Tensions between Germany and the Catholic Church hierarchy as depicted in a chess game between Bismarck and Pope Pius IX. Between Berlin and Rome, Kladderadatsch, 1875.
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Prussian deportations of ethnic Poles (Polenausweisungen), 1909 painting by Wojciech Kossak
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Crime; convicts in relation to the population, 1882–1886

Year of the three emperors

[සංස්කරණය]
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Frederick III was emperor for only 99 days (9 March – 15 June 1888)
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Wilhelm II in 1902
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The Reichstag in the 1890s / early 1900s
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Berlin in the late 19th century
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Bismarck at the Berlin Conference, 1884
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Flag of the German colonial empire
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Hoisting of the German flag at Mioko, German New Guinea, in 1884
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Map of the world showing the participants in World War I. Those fighting on the Entente's side (at one point or another) are depicted in green, the Central Powers in orange, and neutral countries in grey.
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German troops being mobilized, 1914
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German Army positions, 1914
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The Eastern Front at the time of the cease-fire and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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The German Empire during World War I, shortly before its collapse:
  Home Territory (1871–1918)
  Puppet states (1917–1918)
  Occupied territory (1914–1918)
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The SPD leader Philipp Scheidemann proclaims the republic for Germany from the Reichstag building on 9 November 1918.
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Coats of arms and flags of the constituent states in 1900
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Percentage of linguistic minorities of the German Empire in 1900 by Kreis


වෙනත් ජාතීන්ගේ ව්‍යාප්තිය

[සංස්කරණය]
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Emperor Wilhelm II, who was the Supreme Governor of the Evangelical Church of Prussia's older Provinces, and Empress Augusta Victoria after the inauguration of the Evangelical Church of the Redeemer in Jerusalem (Reformation Day, 31 October 1898)


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යුධ ධජය
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නූතන ජර්මනිය ලා පැහැයෙන්ද ජර්මන් අධිරාජ්‍යයෙන් අහිමි වූ භූමිය තද පැහැයෙන්ද පෙන්වයි.
  1. Seyler, Gustav A. Die Wappen der deutschen Landesfürsten. Reprograf. Nachdr. von Siebmacher's Wappenbuch 1. Bd., 1. Abt. 2. – 5. Teil (Nürnberg 1909 – 1929) (ජර්මන් බසින්).
  2. ↑ Seyler, Gustav A. Die Wappen der deutschen Landesfürsten. Reprograf. Nachdr. von Siebmacher's Wappenbuch 1. Bd., 1. Abt. 2. – 5. Teil (Nürnberg 1909 – 1929) (ජර්මන් බසින්).
  3. ↑ Preble, George Henry, History of the Flag of the United States of America: With a Chronicle of the Symbols, Standards, Banners, and Flags of Ancient and Modern Nations, 2nd ed, p. 102; A. Williams and co, 1880
  4. ↑ Fischer, Michael; Senkel, Christian (2010). Tanner, Klaus (ed.). Reichsgründung 1871: Ereignis, Beschreibung, Inszenierung. Münster: Bachmann Verlag.
  5. ↑ Hansen, Hans Jürgen (1978). Heil Dir im Siegerkranz: die Hymnen der Deutschen. Oldenburg, Hamburg: Stalling. ISBN 3-7979-1950-6.
  6. ↑ Klaiber, Adelheid. "Max Schneckenburger (1819–1849)–der Dichter der "Wacht am Rhein". SCHRIFTEN DER BAAR. p. 165. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 9 සැප්තැම්බර් 2023.
  7. ↑ Ochsmann, Almut. "100 Jahre deutsche Nationalhymne: Überlegungen zu Eine vaterländische Ouvertüre op. 140." Mitteilungen der Internationalen Max-Reger-Gesellschaft 3.42 (2022): 18–23.
  8. ↑ "Establishment of the North German Confederation". Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 17 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022.
  9. ↑ Nipperdey, Thomas, "Deutsche Geschichte 1866–1918: Zweiter Band: Machtstaat vor der Demokratie" (1995), p. 98–108.
  10. ↑ Röhl, John C. G. "Kaiser Wilhelm II: A Concise Life" (2014), p. 172–173.
  11. ↑ Haardt, Oliver F. R. (2016). "The Kaiser in the Federal State, 1871–1918". German History. 34 (4): 529–554. doi:10.1093/gerhis/ghw117. ISSN 0266-3554.
  12. ↑ Wheeler-Bennett, John (1967). The Nemesis of Power The German Army in Politics 1918–1945. London: Macmillan. pp. 13–14. ISBN 978-1-4039-1812-3.
  13. ↑ Statement of Abdication of Wilhelm II
  14. ↑ "German Empire: administrative subdivision and municipalities, 1900 to 1910" (ජර්මන් බසින්). 26 දෙසැම්බර් 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 25 අප්‍රේල් 2007.
  15. 1 2 3 "Population statistics of the German Empire, 1871" (ජර්මන් බසින්). 5 අප්‍රේල් 2007 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 25 අප්‍රේල් 2007.
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